Feature: #32051 - Extbase query expression builder for orderings

See forge#32051

Description

Extbase queries now support SQL expressions in ORDER BY clauses through a new fluent API. This enables results to be sorted using functions such as CONCAT, TRIM, and COALESCE.

The following methods have been added to the \TYPO3\CMS\Extbase\Persistence\QueryInterface:

orderBy() - Sets a single ordering and replaces any existing orderings
addOrderBy() - Adds an ordering to the existing orderings
concat() - Creates a CONCAT expression
trim() - Creates a TRIM expression
coalesce() - Creates a COALESCE expression

Examples

Order by concatenated fields:

$query = $this->myRepository->createQuery();
$query->orderBy(
    $query->concat('firstName', 'lastName'),
    QueryInterface::ORDER_ASCENDING
);

Order by a trimmed field:

$query->orderBy(
    $query->trim('title'),
    QueryInterface::ORDER_DESCENDING
);

Order by the first non-null value (a fallback pattern):

$query->orderBy(
    $query->coalesce('nickname', 'firstName'),
    QueryInterface::ORDER_ASCENDING
);

Chain multiple orderings:

$query
    ->orderBy($query->concat('firstName', 'lastName'))
    ->addOrderBy('createdAt', QueryInterface::ORDER_DESCENDING);

Nest expressions:

$query->orderBy(
    $query->concat(
        $query->trim('firstName'),
        $query->trim('lastName')
    )
);

Backwards compatibility

The existing setOrderings() method with its array syntax will continue to work:

$query->setOrderings([
    'title' => QueryInterface::ORDER_ASCENDING,
    'date' => QueryInterface::ORDER_DESCENDING,
]);

Impact

Developers can now use SQL functions in Extbase query orderings without resorting to raw SQL statements. This enables more flexible sorting logic while maintaining the abstraction and security benefits of the Extbase persistence layer.