More about file mounts

File mounts require a little more description of the concepts provided by TYPO3. All files are handled by an application layer called the "File Abstraction Layer" (FAL). You can find more information about the basic concepts of FAL.

The FAL is comprised of the following components:

Drivers

Drivers are what makes it possible to access a given type of media storage. The Core provides a driver to access the local file system. Extensions exist that provide a driver for remote systems, like SFTP or platforms like Amazon S3.

Storages

A file storage uses a driver to connect to a given storage system. It is defined by a path pointing into that storage system. There can be several storages using the same driver and pointing to different "directories". The storage configuration depends on the driver it uses.

Thanks to the storage and its driver, the user is able to browse files from within the TYPO3 backend as if they were stored locally.

File mounts

As discussed before, a file mount is the element which is used to actually give access to users to some directories. A file mount is always related to a storage.

Create a new filemount

New in version 11.3

Starting with TYPO3 v11.3 it is possible to create a new filemount via the context menu of the folder.

To create a new filemount go to the module File > Filelist and create the folder for the mount if it didn't exist yet. Then open the context menu on that folder and choose New Filemount, then give the new filemount a name. The entry point is already set.

It is also possible to create a filemount manually in the List module by creating a record of type Filemount. In this case you have to choose the storage and folder manually.

Paths for local driver storage

The file storages based on the "local file system" driver have an option for relative or absolute paths.

The paths options for a storage based on the local file system driver

"Relative" means that the given path is relative to the fileadmin/ folder (or whatever other folder was configured using $GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['BE']['fileadminDir']. Absolute paths are full paths starting at the root of the file system (i.e. / on Unix systems).

Attention

If the fileadmin/ location is not changed, be aware that all files beneath it will be accessible via a browser, since this directory is located below the web root. This is perfectly fine in most cases, and indeed generally a desired behaviour. Just be careful what kind of files you store in that place, as they will be publicly accessible.

Absolute paths outside of the web root must be explicitly declared in the global configuration option $GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['BE']['lockRootPath']. Any absolute path that you want to declare in a file storage needs to have its first part match the value of $GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['BE']['lockRootPath'] (or of the web root, which can be retrieved with \TYPO3\CMS\Core\Core\Environment::getPublicPath()).

As an example, let's say you want to define two storages, one pointing to /home/foo/bar and one pointing to /home/foo/baz. You could declare $GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['BE']['lockRootPath'] to be equal to /home/foo/.

Home directories

TYPO3 CMS also features the concept of "home directories". These are paths that are automatically mounted if they are present at a path configured in the global configuration. Thus they don't need to have a file mount record representing them - they just need a properly named directory to be present.

Note

That last sentence is important. The directories need to exist. They are not created automatically.

The parent directory of user/group home directories is defined by $GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['BE']['userHomePath'] and $GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['BE']['groupHomePath'] respectively. Let's say we define the following:

$GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['BE']['userHomePath'] = '1:user_homes/';

The first part of the definition (before the colon :) is the id of a file storage. The second part is a path relative to that file storage. Assuming file storage with a uid of "1" is the default one pointing to fileadmin/, the following path needs to exist on the server: /path/to/web/root/fileadmin/user_homes/.

Then a directory needs to exist for each user. Again let's assume that we have a user with a uid of "3" and a username of "editor", either of those paths would have to exist:

/path/to/web/root/fileadmin/user_homes/3/
/path/to/web/root/fileadmin/user_homes/3_editor/

The second possibility is more explicit, but will break if the username is changed.

The same goes for groups, but only using the uid. Assuming a group called "editors" with a uid of "1", and:

$GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['BE']['groupHomePath'] = '1:groups/';

we have to create a directory /path/to/web/root/fileadmin/groups/1/.

Having set up all these properties and folders, the user should see the following when moving to the FILE > Filelist module:

The file list with automatically mounted user and group directories

where only the first mount was explicitly assigned to that user. A different icon visually distinguishes automatic file mounts.

Note

If the $GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['BE']['userUploadDir'] option is also used, it is appended to the user home directory name. Thus a value of _uploads would mean that our home directories become /path/to/web/root/fileadmin/user_homes/3_uploads/ or /path/to/web/root/fileadmin/user_homes/3_editor_uploads/.

This does not apply to group home directories.

The concept of home directories can be efficiently combined with the TSconfig defaultUploadFolder option, which automatically directs all files uploaded by the user to the given directory.